沿海地区的铁和钢的环境行为
Alex L Riley1, James Cameron2, Ian T Burke3
1School of Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK. A.L.Riley@hull.ac.uk.
概括
英国沿海的钢铁废,由于金属入海水,对环境造成的风险很小. 地质化学分析和浸出试验证实,潜在的生态毒性元素的释放量很低,特别是在海洋环境中.
科学领域:
- 环境地质化学环境地质化学
- 沿海科学 沿海科学
- 工业副产品管理 工业副产品管理
背景情况:
- 铁和钢渣在沿海地区普遍存在,有记录的历史处置和有益用途.
- 从这些沿海渣沉积物中出金属酸盐的综合风险评估很少.
- 这项研究解决了英国沿海渣沉积物对环境影响的知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 评估英国沿海环境中14个已知的铁和钢铁渣矿藏中的金属化物泄漏的潜在风险.
- 描述这些渣渣沉积物的地化学物质,并评估不同离子强度条件下的元素释放.
主要方法:
- 全国范围的14个沿海渣渣沉积物的概述 (距离平均高水位100米以下).
- 废渣构成的地质化学特征,包括矿物阶段,如石和二次矿物.
- 使用低 (脱离离子水) 和高 (海水) 离子强度溶液的化试验.
- 微X射线吸收近边缘结构 (μXANES) 分析金属物种化 (Cr,V).
主要成果:
- 渣渣沉积物,主要是高炉渣渣,沿海岸延伸超过76公里,通常与历史工业遗址有关.
- 由于pH缓冲,海水中的大多数元素 (Ba,V,Cr,Fe) 的化比非离子化水要低.
- (Mn) 和 (Mo) 在海水中呈现适度的升高液 (<3 mg/L和<0.01 mg/L).
- 像 (Cr) 和 (V) 这样的潜在的生态毒性元素在海水中显示出最小的浸出 (<0.006 mg/L),存在于低毒性形式.
结论:
- 在英国,沿海铁和钢的海水浸不太可能带来重大环境风险.
- 虽然存在物理侵蚀的危险,但化学泄漏的风险是最小的,特别是在海洋条件下.
- 该研究为管理敏感沿海生态系统中的工业副产品提供了关键数据.
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