对健康影响评估框架是否支持最佳实践原则进行系统审查
R McDermott1, M J Douglas2, F Haigh3
1University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Imperial College London, London, UK.
Public health
|June 15, 2024
概括
健康影响评估 (HIA) 框架在支持最佳实践原则方面有所不同. 实践者可能需要将多个框架中的元素结合起来,以确保HIA的全面指导.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策分析 卫生政策分析
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 健康影响评估 (HIA) 对于评估政策对公共健康的影响至关重要.
- 现有的HIA框架旨在指导从业者,但它们与最佳实践的协调程度尚不清楚.
- 国际影响评估协会为HIA定义了关键的最佳实践原则.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查现有的HIA框架.
- 评估这些框架在多大程度上支持由国际影响评估协会定义的最佳实践原则.
主要方法:
- 在2022年6月,对HIA框架进行了系统审查.
- 通过数据库搜索,参考列表选,存储库搜索和从业人员联系来确定框架.
- 一个定制的质量评估工具根据最佳实践原则评估了框架.
主要成果:
- 确定了24个HIA框架;没有一个完全符合所有最佳实践原则.
- 框架经常列出原则,但缺乏对跨HIA步骤实施的指导.
- 伦理证据使用和综合健康方法 (15个框架) 的评级最高;可持续性 (11个框架被评为"差") 的评级最低.
结论:
- 在HIA框架如何支持最佳实践原则方面存在显著差异.
- 实践者可以通过整合来自不同框架的元素来增强HIA实践.
- 这种方法可以提供更实用的指导,以满足所有最佳实践原则.
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