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禽流感病毒引起的动物感染:改变全球流行病学,调查和控制

Mei Kang¹, Li-Fang Wang², Bo-Wen Sun³

¹Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Clinical Research Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

The Lancet. Infectious diseases

|June 15, 2024

概括

禽流感病毒对全球构成越来越大的威胁,更多的人类感染和各种亚型被检测到. 整合监测,生物安全和疫苗接种的"一个健康"方法对控制至关重要.

科学领域:

病毒学病毒学
流行病学流行病学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

禽流感病毒 (AIV) 在全球范围内存在持续的动物性,动物性和流行病风险.
最近的事件,包括鸟类/哺乳动物中的H5基因型AIV (2020-23) 和人类中的A(H3N8) (2023),突出了这些威胁.
通过突变,重新分类和物种间传播的AIV进化需要加强控制策略.

研究的目的:

分析过去十年来人类艾滋病毒感染的全球流行病学.
评估导致人类感染的AIV亚型的数量和多样性的增加.
为管理AIV威胁提出一个综合的One Health战略.

主要方法:

在过去的10年中,对全球人类艾滋病毒感染数据的审查.
讨论AIV跟踪的先进监控和诊断技术.
对新兴AIV的最先进分析方法的检查.

主要成果:

全球范围内报告的人类艾滋病毒感染的显著增加.
在人类病例中发现的AIV亚型范围的扩大.
证明AIV在物种间传播和遗传混合方面的能力.

结论:

由于人类感染率增加和亚型多样性增加,艾滋病毒代表着日益严重的公共卫生问题.
一个综合的"健康"框架,包括监测,生物安全,疫苗接种和临床管理,是必不可少的.
全球合作对于减轻禽流感病毒的流行病潜力至关重要.

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