衰老中的早期皮质微结构变化与阿尔茨海默氏病病理学的脆弱性有关
Rongxiang Tang1, Carol E Franz1, Richard L Hauger2
1Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
概括
皮层微观结构的变化,与一般的衰老不同,模仿阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 的tau模式. 这些早期的微观结构变化,而不是宏观结构的变化,可能会在记忆力下降之前预测AD风险.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 早期识别阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 风险对于有效治疗至关重要.
- 皮层厚度 (宏观结构) 是神经退行的一个常见指标,但微观结构的变化可能会先于它.
- 与衰老相关的微观结构变化与非临床人群中AD脆弱性之间的联系尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查老龄化中的皮质微结构变化是否与AD病理生理学相似.
- 确定微观结构变化是否与认知衰退和AD生物标志物有关.
- 为了比较与AD风险因素相关的微观结构和宏观结构变化.
主要方法:
- 194名成年人 (平均年龄为61.82-67.48) 的纵向MRI扫描 (5-6岁),以评估皮质平均扩散度 (微观结构) 和厚度 (宏观结构).
- 定子发射断层扫描 (PET) 来绘制粉样β,沉积和神经递质受体 (胆固醇,谷氨酸).
- 相关性分析用于比较MRI和PET数据的空间模式,并评估与记忆表现的关联.
主要成果:
- 皮层微结构变化在空间上类似于AD中的tau沉积模式 (r=0.39,p=.038),而不是反映一般衰老的宏结构变化 (r=-0.31,p<.05).
- 具有更像AD的微结构模式的个体表现出更大的记忆衰退 (β=0.22,p=.029).
- 微观结构变化和AD病理集中在富含胆固醇和谷氨酸受体的大脑区域.
结论:
- 皮层微结构变化表现出AD特异性模式,与一般的与衰老相关的宏观结构变化不同.
- 微观结构变化是对AD病理脆弱性的敏感指标.
- 这些发现表明,微观结构措施可以增强早期AD风险预测,在明显缩和认知衰退之前.
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