一个多道调查的自感准确性
Áron Horváth1, Eszter Ferentzi2, Orsolya Moravetz3
1Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary, Budapest, Hungary; Ádám György Psychophysiology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
Biological psychology
|June 15, 2024
概括
在不同的身体部位 (如关节和肌肉) 中,自身感知精度 (PAc) 不是一般的能力. 感知性能与期望有关,而不是实际的物理准确性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发动机控制器的控制器
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
背景情况:
- 自身感知精度 (PAc) 是对身体的位置和运动的感知.
- PAc通常被认为是一种通用能力,但其在不同身体部位的普遍性仍在争论中.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查自身感知准确度是否在不同的身体部位 (膝盖,肘部,上臂 flexors) 中是一致的.
- 检查实际表现,预期表现和感知表现在自感任务中的关系.
主要方法:
- 在87名健康的年轻成年人中,使用关节位置复制 (膝盖,肘部) 和体重歧视 (上臂 flexors) 来测量PAc.
- 对每项任务进行了预期和感知的绩效评估.
- 使用了频率主义和贝叶斯分析.
主要成果:
- 自身感知精度与身体不同部位 (膝盖,肘部,上臂) 不相关.
- 在主导和次主导四肢之间没有发现实际表现的显著差异,尽管PAc在四肢之间存在关联.
- 感知业绩与预期业绩相关,但与所有模式的实际业绩无关.
结论:
- 实际的自感准确性是特定于正在测试的身体部位,不能被一般化.
- 感知自觉准确度主要受到预期的影响,独立于实际表现.
相关概念视频
Surveys
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Self-Report Tests of Personality
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
Strategies of Self-Presentation III: Self-Monitoring
Self-monitoring is a central construct in understanding individual differences in self-presentation strategies across social contexts. It refers to how individuals observe, regulate, and control their expressive behavior and self-presentation following situational cues. Self-monitoring reflects a person's sensitivity to social appropriateness and willingness to adapt behavior to fit varying interpersonal demands.High vs. Low Self-Monitoring IndividualsIndividuals high in self-monitoring are...
Introspection
Introspection, long upheld as a reliable route to self-knowledge, involves examining one's thoughts, emotions, and mental processes. It underpins many psychological practices, from mindfulness meditation to psychotherapy and self-help strategies. However, empirical evidence challenges the accuracy of introspection as a means of understanding oneself.Limitations of Introspective InsightSeminal work by Nisbett and Wilson demonstrated that individuals are frequently unaware of the true causes...
Self-Serving Bias
Self-serving bias is a cognitive phenomenon in which individuals attribute positive outcomes to internal factors such as their abilities, intelligence, or effort while attributing negative outcomes to external circumstances. This cognitive distortion helps maintain self-esteem but can also impede objective self-assessment.Theoretical Explanations of Self-Serving BiasTwo primary theories explain the self-serving bias: the cognitive explanation and the motivational explanation.The cognitive...


