混合方法研究亚石工人间潜伏结核病的研究和倡导在印度测试暴露于尘的个体
Mihir P Rupani1, Rakesh Balachandar2, Gitika Kharkwal3
1Division of Health Sciences, ICMR - National Institute of Occupational Health (NIOH), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India. mihirrupani@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|June 15, 2024
概括
隐性结核病感染 (LTBI) 在印度暴露于粉尘的工人中非常普遍. 专家建议优先考虑对这一高风险职业群体进行LTBI测试和预防治疗.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
背景情况:
- 病查包括在印度的结核病预防治疗指南中,但对暴露于的工人进行潜伏结核病感染 (LTBI) 检测仍然不太强调.
- 据估计,印度有5200万工人暴露在粉中,面临着病和结核病的重大风险.
研究的目的:
- 估计在古吉拉特邦Khambhat的石工人中暴露于粉的LTBI的患病率.
- 在这个人群中确定LTBI的预测因素.
- 收集有关结核病和病管理策略的专家意见.
主要方法:
- 使用了一种顺序解释混合方法方法.
- 一项横截面研究调查了463名雅石工人 (年龄≥20岁),使用干扰素释量测试 (IGRA) 套件进行LTBI测试.
- 与结核病和病专家进行了深入采访.
主要成果:
- 58%的石工人检测出LTBI阳性,几乎是一般人群中患病率的两倍.
- 预测LTBI的因素包括更长的粉暴露时间,特定的工作类型和BCG疫苗接种史.
- 在暴露于粉尘的职业中观察到较高的LTBI患病率.
结论:
- 暴露在粉尘中的个人代表了LTBI的高风险群体,需要有针对性的查和预防策略.
- 专家建议将这些人群纳入高风险LTBI测试组,并探索具有成本效益的测试和更短的治疗方案.
- 迫切的政策变化和创新的方法是必要的,以预防结核病在全球暴露的人口.
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