制定公共卫生研究的城乡分类系统,以适应各州之间的结构差异
Steven Erly1,2, Claire M Mocha1, Rachel M Amiya1
1Office of Infectious Disease, Washington State Department of Health, Olympia, WA 98501, United States.
American journal of epidemiology
|June 16, 2024
概括
为子县地区开发了一个新的农村分类系统. 该系统更好地反映了区域差异,并发现城市地区的艾滋病毒诊断率高于农村地区.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 农村卫生 农村卫生
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 在美国农村环境中,健康存在挑战.
- 现有的工具,如美国食品和药物管理局2010年农村城市通勤区 (RUCA) 代码,已经过时,并且缺乏对分县农村地区的区域特异性.
- 需要对农村地区进行更细致的分类.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个新的农村人口普查区分类系统.
- 展示该系统在分析艾滋病毒结果中的实用性.
- 为现有的农村分类方法提供替代方案.
主要方法:
- 通过因子分析将人口普查测量 (人口密度,自然资源劳动力,可行性,家庭类型,空气质量) 转化为当地农村规模.
- 对公共卫生从业人员进行了调查,以确定农村类别的切割点.
- 将新分类系统与现有的RUCA代码进行比较.
- 华盛顿州艾滋病毒发病率的特征基于已开发的农村类别.
主要成果:
- 开发的分类系统将25%的人口普查区域归类为农村,19%为郊区,56%为城市.
- 新系统的城市界限比RUCA代码更为保守.
- 与农村地区相比,城市地区的艾滋病毒诊断率明显高.
结论:
- 新的人口普查区分类系统为了解次县乡村提供了更具响应性的RUCA代码替代方案.
- 这个系统可以有效地突出卫生结果的地理差异,例如艾滋病毒发病率.
- 这些发现强调了地方农村措施在公共卫生研究和干预中的重要性.
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