性别确认手术的医疗补助覆盖范围:一个州对州的审查
Jonnby S LaGuardia1, Madeline G Chin1, Sarah Fadich1
1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Health services research
|June 17, 2024
概括
医疗补助计划对性别确认手术的覆盖范围因州而异. 虽然胸部和生殖器手术经常被保险覆盖,但头面部和部手术仍然是最少覆盖的,许多政策未指明.
科学领域:
- 卫生政策研究 卫生政策研究
- 医学经济学 医学经济学
- 健康的社会经济决定因素
背景情况:
- 医疗补助政策对跨性别者和性别不符合的个人获得医疗保健有重大影响.
- 之前的研究已经证实了在医疗补助计划下保护性别肯定护理的州级政策的存在.
- 了解手术保险的具体情况对于评估这种护理的实际可用性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析各州的医疗补助政策,以涵盖性别确认手术.
- 为了识别不同类型的性别确认外科手术的覆盖范围的差异.
- 评估具体程序在州医疗补助政策中明确涵盖,明确不涵盖或不描述的程度.
主要方法:
- 采用横截面研究设计来评估医疗补助覆盖范围.
- 从27个拥有现有保护政策的州收集数据,使用法律数据库,立法出版物和医疗补助手册.
- 胸部,生殖器,面/部和各种性别确认手术的覆盖范围被分类为明确覆盖,明确不覆盖或未描述.
主要成果:
- 在2022年,17个州 (63.0%) 明确涵盖了至少一个胸部和一个生殖器性别确认手术.
- 只有八个州 (29.6%) 明确涵盖了面和部手术 (p=0.04).
- 缩小乳房/切除乳房和切除子宫是最常见的手术,而逆转手术最常被不覆盖.
结论:
- 尽管52.9%的州有保护性政策,但医疗补助计划对性别确认手术的覆盖范围仍然不一致,并且往往未指明.
- 与胸部和生殖器官手术相比,当指定覆盖范围时,面和部重建手术的覆盖率明显低.
- 医疗补助计划覆盖范围的变化和缺乏特异性凸显了对全面的性别肯定手术护理的持续障碍.
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