概括
研究人员发现了rho基因家族,类似于ras基因,具有跨物种保存的对应物. 这些rho蛋白与ras蛋白具有相同的功能性质,这表明它们在细胞过程中有着不同的作用.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 经典的ras基因家族 (N-,K-,和H-ras) 在细胞信号传递中起着至关重要的作用.
- 了解相关的基因家族对于全面了解细胞调节至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和表征一种与ras相关的新型基因家族.
- 调查新发现的rho基因的进化保存和功能性质.
主要方法:
- 从Aplysia californica的腹部瘤cDNA库中分离了rho基因.
- 在rho和H-ras蛋白之间进行氨基酸序列同质性分析.
- 在各种物种之间进行比较序列分析,包括酵母,,大鼠和人类.
主要成果:
- 识别罗基因家族,编码具有H-ras. 35%氨基酸同质性的蛋白质.
- 在各种生物体中检测进化保存的rho对应物.
- 在Aplysia和人类rho蛋白之间具有很高的序列同样性 (超过85%).
- 拉斯基因和罗基因产物之间共有的特性,包括分子量 (21,000达尔顿) 和C端膜附着序列.
结论:
- 罗基因家族代表了一个新的类型的ras相关的基因.
- 保存的功能域表明ras和rho蛋白在细胞通路中的作用是共享的,但却是不同的.
- 对罗基因功能的进一步研究是有必要的,以阐明其特定的细胞作用.
相关概念视频
The Ras Gene
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a superfamily...
Ras is a superfamily...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
Rab Cascades
Rab GTPases act in a regulated cascade during membrane fusion, helping the lipid bilayers mix. The Rab family of proteins are active when bound to GTP, and inactive when bound to GDP. Hence, they act as guanine nucleotide-dependent molecular switches. Rab-GTP recognizes and binds to long or short-range tethering proteins to capture the target vesicle. These tethers coordinate with SNAREs on the vesicle and the target membrane to assemble the trans SNARE complex that locks the mixing bilayers.
Small GTPases - Ras and Rho
Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
The Ras Gene
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a superfamily...
Ras is a superfamily...


