电子烟与瓦伦尼克林用于成人戒烟:一项随机临床试验
Anna Tuisku1, Mikko Rahkola2, Pentti Nieminen3
1Department of Medicine, Lapland Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland.
JAMA internal medicine
|June 17, 2024
概括
含有尼古丁的电子烟 (EC) 和瓦伦尼克林是有效的戒烟辅助剂. 与安慰剂相比,这两种治疗方法在6个月内显著增加了戒烟率,EC和瓦雷尼克林之间没有显著差异.
科学领域:
- 临床医学 临床医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 戒烟仍然是一个重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 与瓦雷尼克林等既定药物治疗相比,含尼古丁的电子烟 (EC) 的相对有效性尚未得到充分证实.
- 了解比较疗效对于指导治疗建议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较含有尼古丁的ECs与瓦伦尼克林作为戒烟辅助剂的有效性.
- 在一项随机对照试验中,评估ECs和瓦伦尼克林与安慰剂的疗效.
主要方法:
- 一个随机的,安慰剂控制的,单中心试验在芬兰进行.
- 年龄在25-75岁的参与者,每日吸烟者,旨在戒烟,被随机分为三个组:ECs与安慰剂片,瓦雷尼克林与无尼古丁ECs,或安慰剂片与无尼古丁ECs.
- 所有组都接受了激励性访谈,12周的干预阶段和52周的随访. 主要结局是自我报告的7天禁烟,26周后被呼出的一氧化碳证实.
主要成果:
- 总共有458名符合条件的参与者被随机分配.
- 在26周后,EC组的戒烟率为40.4%,瓦雷尼克林组为43.8%,安慰剂组为19.7%.
- 欧盟和瓦伦尼克林都比安慰剂显著改善 (P < .001),但欧盟和瓦伦尼克林之间的差异没有统计学意义 (P = .56). 没有报告任何严重的不良事件.
结论:
- 含有尼古丁的电子烟 (EC) 和瓦伦尼克林都是有效的戒烟辅助剂.
- 与安慰剂相比,这两种干预措施都显著提高了戒烟率.
- 这项研究提供了证据,支持使用EC作为瓦伦尼克林可行的替代品,用于戒烟.
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