从SARS-CoV-2感染中恢复的流行病学特征
Elizabeth C Oelsner1, Yifei Sun2, Pallavi P Balte1
1Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
超过五分之一的成年人经历了长期的COVID症状,女性和心血管疾病患者的恢复时间更长. 在Omicron波期间接种疫苗和感染改善了SARS-CoV-2的恢复时间.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在SARS-CoV-2感染后持续的症状和残疾,称为COVID-19后状态或长期COVID,代表了重大的公共卫生问题.
- 了解恢复时间表和相关因素对于管理大流行病的长期影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定SARS-CoV-2感染后恢复的时间.
- 为了确定与感染后90天恢复相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,涉及14个NIH资助的队列中的4708名自我报告SARS-CoV-2感染的成年人.
- 使用卡普兰-梅尔曲线和考克斯比例危险回归来估计恢复时间和相关因素.
- 评估了感染前的健康状况,生活方式因素和感染严重程度.
主要成果:
- 据估计,22.5%的参与者在感染后90天内没有恢复,平均恢复时间为20天.
- 在女性和那些有先前存在心血管疾病的人群中,康复的可能性较小.
- 感染前的疫苗接种和在Omicron变种浪潮期间的感染与更快的恢复有关,通过减少急性感染严重性的中介.
结论:
- 超过五分之一的成年人在感染SARS-CoV-2后三个月内没有恢复.
- 影响康复的因素包括疫苗接种情况,变种浪潮,性别和先前存在的心血管疾病.
- 这些发现凸显了长期COVID的异质性质,并为有针对性的干预提供了信息.
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