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相关概念视频

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
26.3K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
9.6K
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

23.9K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.3K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
14.3K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.5K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain
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在单晶BaTiO3中的脱位密度介导功能3

Fangping Zhuo1, Xiandong Zhou2, Felix Dietrich3

  • 1Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|June 17, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

氧化陶中的脱位带有应变和电荷,与金属不同. 这项研究表明,控制酸晶体的脱位密度如何调整其电特性,为功能性陶设计提供了新的途径.

关键词:
移位 移位 移位 移位 移位铁电器 铁电器 铁电器功能性陶是一种功能性陶.塑料变形的塑料变形

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Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing
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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 固态物理 固态物理
  • 陶工程 陶工程 陶工程

背景情况:

  • 金属中的脱位主要承载应变,但在氧化陶中,它们既具有应变场,也具有局部电荷.
  • 氧化陶在半导体和铁电等技术中至关重要,但通过位移密度控制其功能仍然是一个挑战.
  • 现有的模型,如适用于金属的泰勒硬化定律,无法完全捕捉功能陶中脱位的行为.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种策略,以印记特定的脱位,并控制酸 (BaTiO3) 单晶中的脱位密度.
  • 调查工程脱位密度与BaTiO3.3的功能性质之间的关系.
  • 提供一种机械的理解,塑料应变工程如何影响散装铁电的电气性质.

主要方法:

  • 使用高温单轴压缩,将{100}<100>滑动系统的位移引入到BaTiO3单晶中.
  • 脱位密度系统地变化了十倍.
  • 介电电容率,反向压电系数和交流电导率被测量为异位密度的函数.
  • 用相场模拟和域壁潜在能量分析来实现机械理性化.

主要成果:

  • 在BaTiO3单晶中,突变密度发生了十倍的变化.
  • 介电电容率,反向压电系数和交流电导率在中等位移密度时呈现峰值.
  • 该研究确定了排位密度和关键电气特性之间的相关性.

结论:

  • 通过可控位移密度进行塑料应变工程,提供了一种调整铁电陶电气性质的新方法.
  • 这些发现表明了在功能性陶中推进脱位技术的途径.
  • 这项工作为散装铁电器提供了基于位移密度的设计策略.