在对患有多种长期疾病 (M-LTCs) 的人进行随机对照试验中测试的复杂行为改变干预措施的有效性:系统性审查与元分析
Tasmin Alanna Rookes1, Danielle Nimmons2, Rachael Frost2
1Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK t.rookes@ucl.ac.uk.
BMJ open
|June 17, 2024
概括
复杂的干预措施有效地管理多种长期疾病 (M-LTC),特别是在有身体和精神健康问题的患者中减少心理痛苦. 更长时间的干预改善了更多的结果.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 多重长期疾病 (M-LTC) 在老年人群中越来越普遍,严重影响生活质量和健康结果.
- 现有的行为改变干预措施通常基于单一的长期疾病研究,可能会忽视患有M-LTCs的个体的独特需求.
研究的目的:
- 评估M-LTCs患者当前行为改变干预措施的有效性.
- 确定最合适的结果措施,以评估这一群体的干预有效性.
主要方法:
- 1999年1月至2022年1月期间发表的随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查.
- 搜索了五个主要的数据库:MEDLINE,Embase,PsycINFO,CINAHL和科学网络.
- 干预特征,有效性和结果进行了元分析和叙述性合成.
主要成果:
- 包括53个符合条件的RCT. 干预措施表现出有效性,特别是在改善情感福祉和减少心理痛苦 (抑郁和焦虑) 中.
- 针对身体和心理健康状况的协作护理方法和干预措施,或利用认知/行为激活,显示了心理痛苦的更大减少.
- 持续超过六个月的干预措施显著改善了更广泛的结果.
结论:
- 复杂的行为改变干预措施可以有效地交付给M-LTCs的个体.
- 这些干预措施在减少那些同时出现身体和精神健康状况的人的心理痛苦方面特别有前途.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定多个身体LTC的个体的有效干预组件,并建立最佳结果措施.
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