性别和年龄差异对心患者的评估和临床结果
Sun Young Jeong1, Aiyu Chen2, Yi-Lin Wu2
1Department of Cardiology, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. sunyoung.jeong@kp.org.
Journal of general internal medicine
|June 17, 2024
概括
与出现心的男性相比,女性的死亡风险和心律失常住院的风险较低. 然而,这些差异在80岁及以上的个体中减少,突出显示了患者管理中的年龄和性别因素.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 心是门诊医疗咨询的常见原因之一.
- 了解评估和结果的人口差异对于优化患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查在诊断工作中的潜在性别和年龄差异以及在门诊环境中出现心的患者随后的健康结果.
- 分析性别,年龄和关键临床终点之间的关联,例如因心律失常住院和全因死亡率.
主要方法:
- 这是一项回顾性观察性研究,涉及来自初级保健和心脏病诊所的58,543名心患者.
- 2017年1月至2021年12月期间在综合卫生系统内收集的数据.
- 主要终点包括1年的心律失常住院和全因死亡率;多变量逻辑回归被用于分析.
主要成果:
- 在处方β-阻断剂或使用心电图和心脏监测器方面没有观察到显著的性别差异.
- 接受霍尔特或事件监测的患者在1年内心血管疾病住院率降低.
- 与男性相比,女性的全因死亡率和因心房动和心律失常住院的风险较低.
结论:
- 性别没有影响心脏监测或β-阻断剂处方的转诊.
- 一般来说,女性的预后更好,心律不整相关住院和一年后死亡风险较低.
- 在80岁及以上的患者中,1年死亡率和心律失常住院风险在两性之间相似,强调需要年龄和性别特定的管理策略.
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