在正常和高夜间温度条件下,在早期的谷物发育过程中,组织和时间依赖的代谢物概况
Nathan Abshire1,2, Andrew L Hauck2,3, Harkamal Walia2,3
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
BMC plant biology
|June 17, 2024
概括
夜间高温扰乱小麦旗叶和叶的日常代谢周期,影响早期种子发育和潜在的谷物产量. 了解这些代谢变化对于提高作物弹性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 植物科学 植物科学
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 小麦的谷物产量取决于早期的发育,这种发育对环境压力 (如夜间高温) 很敏感.
- 旗叶和叶为发育中的种子提供营养,但它们的特定代谢功能和压力下的日常动态尚不清楚.
- 研究组织和时间依赖的代谢物概况可以阐明这些作用和HNT对早期谷物发育的影响.
研究的目的:
- 在小麦的早期谷物发育过程中,描述旗叶和叶在小麦中的不同代谢作用.
- 在正常和高夜间温度条件下,研究这些组织中代谢物的日间和发育动态.
- 了解HNT如何影响新陈代谢概况和潜在的谷物产量.
主要方法:
- 标志叶,,种子 (胚胎和内) 和整个尖端组织的代谢物概况.
- 在受精后的2,4,6天,在两个时间点 (白天12点,晚上23点) 进行分析.
- 对照条件和高夜温 (HNT) 处理之间的比较.
主要成果:
- 旗叶和支架在代谢物水平上表现出明显的日间振荡,一些代谢物显示出对比的模式.
- 种子代谢物概况主要受受受精后几天的影响,而不是一天中的时间.
- HNT加速了种子的新陈代谢变化,并破坏了旗叶和叶中的白天糖振荡.
结论:
- 在小麦种子早期发育过程中,旗叶和支架具有专门的代谢功能.
- 种子的新陈代谢与发育阶段密切相关,而光合作用组织则表现出白天循环.
- 在光合作用组织中,HNT诱导的白天代谢周期的破坏可能会导致谷物产量减少.
相关概念视频
00:51Energy Budgets and Reproductive Strategies
Organisms must balance energy intake with the energy required for growth, maintenance, and reproduction. These trade-offs result in a variety of survivorship and reproductive strategies, including semelparity and iteroparity. Semelparous species reproduce only once in their lifetime, often investing most available resources into that single reproductive event. Iteroparous species, by contrast, reproduce multiple times over their lifetimes, typically allocating fewer resources to any single...
02:06Conditions on Early Earth
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
02:45Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses
The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
02:06Conditions on Early Earth
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
01:20Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this nitrogen...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this nitrogen...