德国微型和小型企业的基于网络的职业压力预防 - - 实施研究的过程评估结果
Miriam Engels1, Louisa Scheepers2,3, Judith Engels1,4
1Department of Work and Organisational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Open University of the Netherlands, Valkenburgerweg 177, Heerlen, 6419 AT, The Netherlands.
基于网络的职业压力预防工具对小企业来说是有前途的,但实施仍然具有挑战性. 接受度和参与度有限,这凸显了需要增加外部支持,以克服间接成本和缺乏经验等障碍.
科学领域:
- 职业健康心理学 职业健康心理学
- 数字健康干预措施 数字健康干预措施
- 在中小企业 (SMEs) 中实施科学.
背景情况:
- 与工作有关的压力干预措施是有效的,但在微型和小型企业 (MSE) 中未得到充分利用.
- 在MSE的障碍包括缺乏知识和资源,这表明需要基于网络的解决方案.
- 基于网络的职业压力预防在现实的MSE环境中存在有限的实施研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于网络的职业压力预防平台 ("P系统") 的实施过程和成功.
- 确定在德国MSE中采用和使用P系统的障碍.
- 评估MSE数字压力预防工具的可行性和适当性.
主要方法:
- 混合方法方法结合了定量 (第一部分) 和定性 (第二部分) 调查.
- 定量部分I:前后设计测量采用,达到,透,忠实度/剂量,成本和可接受性在98名参与者中.
- 定性部分II:与经理和利益相关者进行12次半结构面试,以探索可接受性,适当性和可行性.
主要成果:
- 低采用率和覆盖率:接触的MSE中只有不到1%的受访者做出反应;24个MSE采用了P系统,通常具有良好的心理社会安全气候.
- 透率和忠诚度有限:只有15%的员工在采用MSE时使用该系统;心理社会风险评估和压力管理培训的完成率很低.
- 间接成本 (时间) 是一个障碍,尽管平台是免费的;可行性结果是混合的,尽管用户和利益相关者接受良好.
结论:
- 系统P被认为是有用和适当的,但在MSE中独立实施基本上没有成功.
- 之前的经验和对压力预防的敏感性促进了吸收,而感知到的间接成本阻碍了它.
- 增加外部支持可能是必要的,以克服障碍,并实现成功实施在线压力预防在MSE.
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