医疗保健中的人工智能:意大利对伦理和医疗法律影响的看法
Sara Sablone1, Mara Bellino1, Andrea Nicola Cardinale1
1Section of Legal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Bari Policlinico Hospital, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Frontiers in medicine
|June 18, 2024
概括
医疗保健中的人工智能 (AI) 提供了诊断和治疗方面的进步,但也引发了伦理方面的担忧. 对未来的医疗实践来说,平衡人类专业知识与人工智能至关重要,专注于合作而不是替代.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地融入医疗保健,为增强疾病预防,诊断和治疗提供了潜力.
- 人工智能系统从数据中学习,做出决策,执行复杂的任务,补充人类在医学方面的能力.
研究的目的:
- 概述挑战,并为医疗保健中人工智能集成提出解决方案.
- 在意大利法律框架内,研究人工智能在医疗实践中的伦理和法律影响.
主要方法:
- 文献审查和对当前医疗保健人工智能应用的分析.
- 检查有关医生的自主权和决策的伦理考虑.
- 对人工智能相关的不当行为和职业责任的医疗法律方面的分析.
主要成果:
- 人工智能集成带来了关于减少医生自主权和决策自由裁量权的伦理困境.
- 由于人工智能的参与,在不良事件发生时的责任分配需要重新定义.
- 意大利法律框架在评估医疗专业责任方面面临新的挑战.
结论:
- 要将AI整合到医疗保健中,需要采取平衡的方法,强调人类和机器之间的协作.
- 医学的未来应该涉及到一个协同关系",与"机器,而不仅仅是"的"机器.
- 解决伦理和法律挑战对于成功在医疗保健中采用AI至关重要.
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