高血压的老年人和年轻人的多面密集血压控制模型:一个随机临床试验
Xiaofan Guo1, Nanxiang Ouyang1, Guozhe Sun1
1Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
JAMA cardiology
|June 18, 2024
概括
社区卫生保健从业者领导的密集血压干预显著减少了患有高血压的成年人心血管疾病和死亡. 这种有效和安全的模型既有利于老年人群,也有利于年轻人群.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 高血压管理 高血压管理
- 公共卫生干预 公共卫生干预
背景情况:
- 对心血管疾病 (CVD) 进行非医生主导的密集血压干预的有效性和安全性尚未得到充分证实,特别是在老年人中.
- 之前的研究没有评估具有严格血压目标 (<130/80毫米升) 的此类模型.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估一个多方面的,非医生领导的密集血压干预模型.
- 评估该模型在患有高血压的60岁及以上患者中的有效性和安全性,旨在实现血压目标<130/80 mm Hg.
主要方法:
- 一项为期48个月的开放型随机临床试验 (中国农村高血压控制项目),涉及33995名患有高血压的参与者 (≥60岁和<60岁).
- 非医生社区医疗保健从业者实施干预措施,包括药物管理,由初级保健医生监督.
- 主要结局是复合性心血管疾病 (心肌梗塞,中风,心力衰竭住院治疗,心血管疾病死亡).
主要成果:
- 与老年人常规护理组相比,干预组的总心血管疾病 (HR,0.75) 和全因死亡率 (HR,0.90) 显著降低.
- 在年轻人群中 (<60岁) 也观察到总体心血管疾病,中风,心力衰竭和心血管疾病死亡的显著风险降低.
- 在任何年龄类别的组之间,没有发现伤害性跌倒,症状性低血压,昏迷或结局的显著差异.
结论:
- 非医生主导的密集血压干预模型是有效和安全的减少心血管疾病和所有原因的死亡率在高血压的老年人和年轻人.
- 该模型提供了一种可行的策略,用于改善社区环境中的高血压管理和心血管结果.
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