在首次诊断精神病障碍之前使用心理健康服务
Wanda Tempelaar1,2,3, Nicole Kozloff1,2,4, Emilie Mallia4,5
1Slaight Family Centre for Youth in Transition, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
JAMA psychiatry
|June 18, 2024
概括
与第一次情绪障碍诊断患者相比,在诊断前三年,被诊断患有第一次精神障碍的个人在精神卫生服务的使用率更高,包括住院和急诊,在诊断前三年. 这突出了预测和预防的明显的病前病变轨迹.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和心理健康 精神病学和心理健康
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在精神疾病诊断之前,描述心理健康服务使用轨迹对于识别有风险的个人和高风险环境至关重要.
- 了解病前诊断和利用模式可以为早期干预策略提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 检查心理健康服务的使用和诊断轨迹在精神疾病的首次诊断前三年.
- 识别不同的使用和诊断模式,使精神病与情绪障碍诊断有所区别.
主要方法:
- 在加拿大安大略省使用链接的省级卫生行政数据进行基于人口的回顾性队列研究.
- 包括15-29岁的个人,首次诊断患有精神疾病 (n=10,501),与被诊断患有情绪障碍的人匹配.
- 分析了在指数障碍诊断前三年的心理健康服务使用和诊断情况.
主要成果:
- 与第一次情绪障碍诊断 (66.8%) 相比,首次精神障碍诊断的个人使用心理健康服务的比例显著更高 (72.2%).
- 在前三年中,精神疾病病例更有可能因心理健康而入院 (OR,3.98) 和访问急诊室 (OR,2.27).
- 患有精神疾病的个人也更有可能先前被诊断为物质使用障碍 (OR,2.57),其他障碍 (OR,1.75) 和自我伤害 (OR,1.64).
结论:
- 与第一次情绪障碍诊断患者相比,首次精神障碍诊断的个人在诊断前三年内使用心理健康服务的比率更高,患病前诊断的数量更大.
- 在医疗服务利用模式中观察到的明显的前病态轨迹表明,有望改善精神病障碍的预测和预防.
- 这些发现强调了分析服务使用和诊断模式对风险人群的早期识别和干预的重要性.
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