对于运动员进行第一次心脏查,最合适的年龄是什么?
Jessica Orchard1, Kimberly G Harmon2, Flavio D'Ascenzi3
1Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/jessicajorchard.
Journal of science and medicine in sport
|June 18, 2024
概括
年轻运动员突然心脏骤停的风险随着年龄的增长而增加,特别是在12岁之后. 心脏查应该在12-16岁之间开始,紧急计划对所有运动员至关重要.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 突然心脏骤停 (SCA) 和死亡对年轻运动员构成风险.
- 目前关于启动运动员心脏查的指南缺乏一致性.
- 在运动员中,SCA发病率随着年龄的增长而上升,在年轻年龄组中发现冠状动脉异常.
研究的目的:
- 审查不同年龄组运动员中SCA的发病率.
- 确定启动心脏查计划的最佳年龄建议.
- 为体育组织提供有关运动员心脏健康的指导方针.
主要方法:
- 对运动员突然心脏骤停和死亡的文献进行系统审查.
- 基于年龄和运动员类型 (精英与社区) 的发病率分析.
- 评估影响实施查计划决策的因素.
主要成果:
- 在8-11岁的儿童中,SCA的发病率较低 (<1/100,000/年),在12-15岁的儿童中增加到1-2/100,000/年.
- 冠状动脉异常是10-14岁运动员中SCA的重要原因.
- 随着年龄超过15岁,SCA发病率稳步增加.
结论:
- 建议运动员的心脏查不早于12岁,不晚于16岁开始.
- 12岁以后的查提供了额外的价值,因为风险增加.
- 所有患有有关症状或家族病史的运动员都需要接受医疗评估,无论查计划是否启动;应急准备是必不可少的.
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