药剂师在全球消除结核病中的作用:实践,陷和潜在潜力
Alina Cernasev1, Jonathan Stillo2, Jolie Black3
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Nashville, TN 37211, USA.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 19, 2024
概括
药剂师在消除结核病 (TB) 方面发挥着至关重要的作用,超出了传统护理范围. 这次审查确定了九个关键角色,包括查,测试,分发,咨询和解决社会经济障碍,突出了扩大影响的机会.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 药房实践 在药房实践.
- 传染病控制和控制传染病
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是全球领先的传染病杀手.
- 药剂师在结核病治疗中的作用已经确立,但对消除结核病的更广泛贡献尚未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和确定药剂师和药房在结核病预防和消除工作中的不同角色.
- 将已识别的角色分类为已实施,未实施或推的.
主要方法:
- 从2010年到2023年3月,在五个电子数据库 (PubMed,PsychInfo,CINAHL,Academic Search Premier,Embase) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 纳入标准集中在英语或西班牙语的同行评审研究中,详细说明了药剂师/药房在结核病相关的特定角色.
- 角色被提取出来,并与传统的药物护理步骤交叉引用.
主要成果:
- 药剂师在预防结核病方面有9个不同的角色:查,转诊,测试,发药,咨询,减少社会经济障碍,药物采购,质量保证和数据系统利用.
- 这些角色被分为实施,不实施或推.
- 研究结果表明,药剂师在消除结核病方面正在扩大其作用,超越传统的药物护理.
结论:
- 药剂师具有战略地位,能够为全球消除结核病做出重大贡献.
- 扩大对这些角色的理解和实施,包括采购和数据管理,可以增强结核病护理.
- 建议在药房课程中增加与结核病相关的培训,以更好地为未来的药剂师准备结核病消除工作.
相关概念视频
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
177
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
177
01:26Enhanced Elimination of Poison
498
Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
498
01:18Drug Elimination: Overview
1.6K
Drug elimination involves many complex processes and does not necessarily differentiate between distribution and elimination. It is divided into two primary components: excretion and biotransformation.
Excretion refers to removing a drug from the body, either in its unchanged form or as its metabolites. Nonvolatile and polar drugs are primarily excreted through the kidneys, with other pathways including bile, sweat, saliva, and milk. Volatile drugs such as anesthetic gases are excreted via the...
Excretion refers to removing a drug from the body, either in its unchanged form or as its metabolites. Nonvolatile and polar drugs are primarily excreted through the kidneys, with other pathways including bile, sweat, saliva, and milk. Volatile drugs such as anesthetic gases are excreted via the...
1.6K
01:06Drug Elimination: The Concept of Clearance
2.6K
Drug elimination refers to removing drugs from the body, either through urine by the kidneys or through bile by the liver. Drug clearance is a pharmacokinetic parameter that measures the efficiency of drug removal from the bloodstream within a specific time frame. It is calculated as the rate at which a drug is eliminated from plasma divided by the plasma concentration of the drug.
Drug clearance is not limited to renal excretion but encompasses all organs involved in drug elimination,...
Drug clearance is not limited to renal excretion but encompasses all organs involved in drug elimination,...
2.6K
01:23Drug Elimination: Non-Renal Routes
2.3K
The liver plays a pivotal role in eliminating drugs and their metabolites, primarily through a process known as biliary excretion. This process involves the hepatocytes, the primary cells in the liver that generate bile. A range of transporters actively expels polar drugs or hydrophilic drug metabolites into the bile, which transports the drugs and metabolites into the small intestine. From here, they are eventually expelled from the body through feces. In some instances, the original drug or a...
2.3K
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
231
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
231