面包小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) 对来自野生的5B染色体替代的转录组反应
Alexandr Muterko1, Antonina Kiseleva1, Elena Salina1
1Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 19, 2024
概括
在小麦中外来染色体替代引入了遗传多样性,但也带来了挑战. 这项研究揭示了在5B染色体置换后小麦中显著但总体上令人满意的转录组补偿.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 小麦育种小麦的繁殖.
背景情况:
- 外来染色体替代是提高小麦品种遗传多样性的关键策略.
- 挑战包括基因组的共同适应和在普通小麦背景下引入的基因的实现.
研究的目的:
- 评估六倍体小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) 对5B染色体替代与其野生同类 (T. dicoccoides Koern) 的转录组反应.
- 为了评估外来染色体内侵入的生理补偿的完整性.
主要方法:
- 使用RNA测序 (RNA-Seq) 来分析转录组.
- 对替代的小麦系进行了差异基因表达分析.
主要成果:
- 观察到一种明显的白天转录组模式,在光周期前活动减少,晚上过度表达.
- 不同的基因表达影响了许多生物过程和途径,尽管往往是适度的折叠变化.
- 在差异基因表达中没有检测到任何特定的染色体偏差,这表明全球转录组对局部基因组变化的反应.
结论:
- 常见小麦5B染色体置换的生理补偿在很大程度上是令人满意的,但不完全.
- 当地基因组结构变化可以诱导广泛的转录组变化,突出显示基因组结构和基因表达之间的复杂相互作用.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
02:13Overview of Transposition and Recombination
15.4K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
15.4K
01:10Transcription
146.9K
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
146.9K
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
18.9K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
18.9K