酸促进了受损多发性硬化症神经元中的神经元恢复
Barbara Gisevius1, Alexander Duscha1,2, Gereon Poschmann3,4
1Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany.
Brain communications
|June 19, 2024
概括
短链脂肪酸,如酸和黄油酸,在多发性硬化症模型中促进神经元的恢复. 这些脂肪酸直接影响神经元,通过影响蛋白质过程和能量生产,为神经退行提供潜在的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 多发性硬化症 (MS) 神经退行仍然是一个治疗挑战.
- 饮食和肠道微生物组正在成为MS的关键环境因素.
- 短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 与酸一样,在MS中表现出抗炎和神经保护作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究酸和黄油酸对中枢神经系统 (CNS) 神经元的直接神经保护机制.
- 探索SCFA是否可以在多发性硬化症模型中直接促进神经细胞恢复.
主要方法:
- 利用一种逆翻译的"盘子中的疾病"模型,使用来自MS患者的人类诱导的多能干细胞.
- 分析了用酸和黄油酸治疗的人类诱导初级神经元中的神经元恢复.
- 进行全细胞蛋白质组分析以确定SCFA诱导的分子变化.
主要成果:
- 酸和黄油酸在MS模型中显示了受损神经细胞的显著恢复.
- 黄油酸增强了酸诱导的神经元的恢复.
- 治疗SCFA改变了参与染色体组装,翻译和代谢的蛋白质组.
- 染色体组合的变化与通过自由脂肪酸受体信号传递抑制基因素脱乙酶有关.
- 酸通过抗氧化反应促进了恢复,而黄油酸促进了神经元ATP合成.
结论:
- 短链脂肪酸,酸和黄油酸在多发性硬化症的情况下对神经元产生直接的神经保护作用.
- 这些SCFA调节关键的细胞过程,包括染色质调节,新陈代谢和氧化应激反应.
- 补充SCFA是缓解多发性硬化症神经退行的一个有希望的治疗途径.
相关概念视频
Long-term Potentiation
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory
Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is critical for...
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is critical for...


