儿童和青少年时期的饮食障碍和强迫症之间的相似性和差异:系统性审查
Michelangelo Di Luzio1, Domenica Bellantoni1, Anna Laura Bellantoni2
1Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|June 19, 2024
概括
强迫症 (OCD) 和饮食障碍 (ED) 具有神经生物学和遗传联系,特别是发展过程中强迫症症状. 了解这些重叠可以改善两种疾病的治疗和预后.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 童年和青春期是神经发育和精神疾病出现的关键时期.
- 强迫症 (OCD) 和饮食障碍 (ED) 经常在发育年龄表现出来,呈现出共同和独特的精神病理学,神经生物学和病原性特征.
- 了解强迫症和ED之间的相互作用对于解决年轻人的复杂精神疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查强迫症 (OCD) 和饮食障碍 (ED) 之间的临床,遗传和神经生物学相似之处和差异.
- 在发育年龄期间探索这些疾病中强迫症症状的共同点.
- 识别潜在的神经生物学相关性,如前带皮质和认知灵活性的改变,以及遗传重叠.
主要方法:
- 使用PubMed/MEDLINE和Cochrane控制试验中央注册表 (CENTRAL) 进行的文献系统审查.
- 遵守系统审查和元分析 (PRISMA) 准则的首选报告项目.
- 包含和排除标准适用于最初的335篇文章,最终选择了10篇相关研究.
主要成果:
- 强迫症 (OC) 症状在过度饮食/清洗ED中比发育年龄的限制性ED更频繁.
- 强迫性障碍的症状代表了强迫性障碍和ED的共同维度,与前带皮质的改变和认知灵活性降低有关.
- 有证据表明,潜在的遗传重叠有助于观察到的强迫症和ED之间的相关性.
结论:
- 强迫症和ED表现出显著的临床,遗传和神经生物学相似性,特别是在发育过程中关于OC症状.
- 前带状皮质的变化和认知灵活性受损与这两种疾病中的OC症状有关.
- 一个统一的定义,包括强迫症和ED的精神病学和神经生物学方面,可以提高治疗选择和患者预后.
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