在大脑连接和其遗传相关的人类-黑猩猩分歧的比较分析
Yufan Wang1,2, Luqi Cheng3,4, Deying Li1,2
1Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|June 19, 2024
概括
研究人员创建了第一个黑猩猩大脑图谱图谱 (ChimpBNA),以比较人类和黑猩猩之间的大脑连接. 他们在关联皮层中发现了显著的差异,这表明大脑布线的进化分歧.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学
背景情况:
- 人类和黑猩猩是密切相关的,使黑猩猩对研究人类大脑演变至关重要.
- 了解大脑连接的差异是确定人类血统进化变化的关键.
- 由于缺乏跨物种大脑图谱,因此无法直接比较人类和黑猩猩之间的大脑连接.
研究的目的:
- 开发第一个使用基于连接的分片框架的黑猩猩大脑图谱 (ChimpBNA).
- 为了使人类和黑猩猩之间大脑连接模式的直接区域比较.
- 调查大脑连接和其遗传基础的进化分歧.
主要方法:
- 在基于连接的分片框架的基础上构建了黑猩猩脑组图谱 (ChimpBNA).
- 使用ChimpBNA对人类和黑猩猩之间大脑连接模式的比较分析.
- 鉴定与不同的连接模式相关的基因和细胞类型.
主要成果:
- 在大多数关联皮层中观察到连接模式的实质差异,特别是在侧面和背侧面前额皮层.
- 这些连接性分歧模式不同于人类皮层扩张的观察模式.
- 确定了特定物种的连接不对称性,以及与皮质投射回路和不同区域突触形成相关的基因的丰富.
结论:
- 黑猩猩BNA为比较神经科学提供了宝贵的资源.
- 人类和黑猩猩之间存在大脑连接的显著进化差异,特别是在协会皮层中.
- 与神经元电路和突触形成相关的遗传因素可能是大脑连接进化的观察差异的基础.
更多相关视频
17:06Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
Published on: November 8, 2012
26.2K
08:36Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms
Published on: March 21, 2019
7.3K
相关概念视频
02:31Synteny and Evolution
3.2K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.2K
02:54Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
01:54Convergent Evolution
27.7K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
27.7K
02:05Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.1K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.1K
01:28Human Genetics
557
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
557
02:16Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
12.3K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
12.3K