由于新生儿间歇性缺氧后内部神经元不成熟导致的局部皮质功能连接异常
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|June 19, 2024
概括
在小鼠中,新生儿间歇性缺氧导致过度活跃和运动学习障碍. 这与大脑发育的改变有关,包括激发和抑制电路的变化,可通过功能性MRI检测.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
背景情况:
- 过早出生的婴儿因呼吸控制不成熟而面临缺氧发作,可能导致大脑发育问题和长期的认知/行为问题.
- 新生儿间歇性缺氧 (IH) 可能会破坏刺激和抑制电路的皮质成熟.
- 功能性MRI有可能检测出这些早期变化.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究新生儿间歇性缺氧 (IH) 对皮质成熟的影响.
- 为了确定IH是否会改变发育中的大脑中的刺激和抑制电路.
- 评估功能性MRI在早期检测这些变化的有用性.
主要方法:
- C57BL/6小鼠从出生后的第3天到第7天暴露于IH (5%的氧气,2分钟,12-20次/天)
- 在出生后的第12天进行了MRI,在不同的时间点进行了电生理学记录和行为测试.
- 行为评估包括开放式现场测试和复杂的车轮任务;电生理学使用补丁和体内记录.
主要成果:
- 新生儿IH导致成年小鼠的多动和运动学习受损.
- 电生理学显示,质质传递增加和性抑制升高,突触抑制驱动和内部神经元密度降低.
- 静止状态fMRI在IH组中显示出更大的低频波动幅度,特别是在皮克罗毒素注射后.
结论:
- 新生儿IH改变皮质成熟,增加刺激性传播和降低抑制性内部神经元功能,导致长期的行为缺陷.
- 功能性MRI表明感觉运动皮质内在连接性增加,这表明神经元功能障碍.
- 增强的强力抑制可能是高激发性谷氨基基酶传播的补偿机制.
相关概念视频
Neurulation
Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
Disorders of the Nervous Tissue
Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
Neuroplasticity
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Diabetic Neuropathy
DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology
Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...


