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相关概念视频

Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

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The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
50.3K
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

5.6K
Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
5.6K
Positive Regulator Molecules02:39

Positive Regulator Molecules

5.4K
Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
5.4K
Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

2.8K
The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
2.8K
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

13.1K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
13.1K
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

7.2K
It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay
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Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay

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一个受酸化控制的开关赋予细胞循环依赖的蛋白质重新定位.

Xiaofu Cao1,2, Shiying Huang1,2, Mateusz M Wagner2,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States, 14853.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|June 19, 2024
PubMed
概括

研究人员开发了一种名为MARS (Mitosis-enabled Anchor-away/Recruiter System) 的新系统,可以在没有外部触发的情况下精确控制细胞分裂期间的蛋白质定位. 这种工具有助于研究细胞分裂和编辑细胞膜.

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Monitoring Kinase and Phosphatase Activities Through the Cell Cycle by Ratiometric FRET
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Monitoring Kinase and Phosphatase Activities Through the Cell Cycle by Ratiometric FRET

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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols

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Monitoring Kinase and Phosphatase Activities Through the Cell Cycle by Ratiometric FRET
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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 在线粒分裂过程中研究蛋白质功能至关重要,但由于细胞敏感性而具有挑战性.
  • 现有的蛋白质操纵工具往往需要外部触发器,这些触发器可以破坏微妙的细胞过程,如线粒分裂.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种新的,独立于刺激的系统,用于精确的蛋白质在转化过程中的招募.
  • 为了研究细胞分裂期间的空间时间定义的蛋白质功能.

主要方法:

  • 利用了PLEKHA5蛋白的自然发生的,细胞周期依赖的局部化变化.
  • 设计了一个来自PLEKHA5的15kDa模块,以创建启用线粒分裂的离/招募系统 (MARS).
  • 利用MARS进行直接的融合或GFP-纳米体相互作用来招募蛋白质货物.

主要成果:

  • 在没有外源刺激的情况下,MARS能够在血膜中招募突变特异性蛋白质.
  • 证明了MARS应用程序用于"侧向敲击"实验,以在线粒分裂过程中取代蛋白质.
  • 展示了对酶的有条件招募,用于细胞分裂选择性脂质编辑等离子体膜.

结论:

  • 火星提供了一个强大的,非扰乱的工具,用于调查线粒分裂.
  • 这个系统克服了研究细胞分裂的外源触发器的局限性.
  • 马斯促进了功能基因组学和细胞膜工程在转化过程中的新方法.