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心血管风险和生活方式:葡萄牙和巴西教职工之间的比较
Noeli das Neves Toledo1, Gilsirene Scantelbury de Almeida1, Nair Chase da Silva1
1Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Revista brasileira de enfermagem
|June 19, 2024
概括
葡萄牙和巴西的教学专业人员面临着不同的心血管风险. 葡萄牙男性吸烟者最容易受到伤害,这凸显了两国在职场卫生干预措施的必要性.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全球健康的重大负担.
- 教师群体可能会遇到独特的职业压力因素,影响心血管健康.
- 跨文化比较对于理解各种风险因素至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较巴西和葡萄牙的教学专业人员之间的心血管风险因素.
- 调查生活方式,常见的精神障碍和心血管风险之间的关系.
- 确定与心血管风险升高相关的特定的人口和生活方式因素.
主要方法:
- 采用了横截面研究设计.
- 他们比较了巴西的马纳乌斯和葡萄牙的科因布拉的教职工.
- 计算了几率比率,以估计群体与风险因素之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 在风险因素中观察到显著的差异:葡萄牙 (吸烟,高胆固醇) 和巴西 (高血压,慢性疾病,腹部肥胖,常见的精神障碍,缺勤).
- 高心血管风险的主要预测因素包括来自葡萄牙 (OR 17.27),男性 (OR 61.58),吸烟 (OR 593.40).
- 男性性别,吸烟和特定的国家的工作与心血管风险增加密切相关.
结论:
- 葡萄牙的教学专业人员,特别是吸烟的男性,对心血管事件的脆弱性更高.
- 高血压,慢性疾病和常见的精神障碍在巴西教师中更为普遍.
- 在巴西和葡萄牙,有针对性的职场健康促进干预措施对于减轻心血管风险至关重要.
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