由于在圣保罗大城市的交通方式变化而改善空气质量
Julio Barboza Chiquetto1, Pedro Gerber Machado2, Dominique Mouette3
1Latin-American Faculty of Social Sciences - FLACSO Brazil Avenida Ipiranga, 1071, sala 608 - República, São Paulo, SP, 01039-903, Brazil.
The Science of the total environment
|June 19, 2024
概括
扩大圣保罗的地铁系统,促进步行和骑自行车等活跃交通,大大减少了空气污染. 这项投资改善了城市空气质量和可访问性,甚至使远方的居民受益.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 大气化学 大气化学
背景情况:
- 空气质量和城市流动性是大城市的关键挑战,特别是在全球南方.
- 公共和积极的交通投资可以减少交通拥堵和空气污染,提高生活质量.
- 有限的研究使用动态模型整合了铁路网络扩张对模式选择的影响以及随后的空气质量影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估计划但未实施的圣保罗地铁站对空气污染的影响.
- 量化增加骑自行车和步行到火车站对污染物排放的影响.
- 模拟公共交通扩张对大城市的 modal 转移和空气质量的影响.
主要方法:
- 应用与化学 (WRF-Chem) 结合的天气研究和预测模型.
- 对空气质量影响的模拟,重点关注标准污染物.
- 分析从机动交通转向步行/骑自行车和地铁使用的模式变化,在距离车站1.3公里的半径内.
主要成果:
- 增加对公共交通的投资,特别是地铁扩建,导致空气污染的大幅度和空间广泛减少.
- 污染物度的降低在新站附近最为强烈,但有利于居住在更远的地方的公民.
- 转向步行,骑自行车和使用地铁的模式转变预计将使汽车二氧化碳eq排放量减少11.7%.
结论:
- 改善公共交通对于加强大城市的环境和社会正义至关重要.
- 扩展的地铁系统有助于改善空气质量,交通便利性,并降低公共卫生成本.
- 对公共交通的投资支持城市实现其温室气体 (GHG) 减排目标.
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