强度梯度:在足球中解释外部负载的新方法
Ruairidh McGregor1,2, Liam Anderson2, Matthew Weston3,4
1Rangers Football Club, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
概括
将全球导航卫星系统 (GNSS) 数据转换为梯度可以减少变化,并改善对团队体育活动需求的测量. 与传统的每分钟指标相比,这种渐变方法提供了一种更一致的方法来分析玩家强度.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 绩效分析 绩效分析
背景情况:
- 全球导航卫星系统 (GNSS) 设备对于量化团队体育活动需求至关重要.
- 当前的方法经常使用离散区域和每分钟计算,这些对持续时间测量错误很敏感,并且可以产生可变的结果.
- 另一种方法是将GNSS数据转换为梯度,以提高测量的一致性.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用GNSS数据,批判性地评估梯度方法测量团队体育活动需求的有效性.
- 为了比较梯度衍生指标的变化性和一致性与传统的每分钟指标.
- 评估梯度在区分不同比赛类型和球员位置方面的有用性.
主要方法:
- 收集了来自129场第一队和73场学院足球比赛的GNSS数据.
- 计算速度,加速度和减速区的梯度指标.
- 将梯度指标与标准每分钟指标进行比较,分析平均值,95%的置信区间,以及各级,各位置和各个人的主体内变化系数.
主要成果:
- 梯度方法与每分钟指标的一致性证明了游戏级别和位置组的一致性.
- 与大多数每分钟变量 (10.7%84.5%) 相比,梯度的变化率较低 (变率10.8%26.9%).
- 这表明梯度提供了更稳定的活动强度表示.
结论:
- 梯度指标代表了一种潜在的有价值的方法来描述团队运动中的强度.
- 梯度与现有的强度变量相比较有利,可以区分比赛类型和球员位置.
- 有证据支持使用梯度变量来监测团队运动中的比赛和训练强度.
相关概念视频
01:15Stress: General Loading Conditions
306
To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
306
01:28Internal Loadings in Structural Members: Problem Solving
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When designing or analyzing a structural member, it is important to consider the internal loadings developed within the member. These internal loadings include normal force, shear force, and bending moment. Engineers can ensure that the structural member can support the applied external forces by calculating these internal loadings.
To illustrate this, let's consider a beam OC of 5 kN, inclined at an angle of 53.13° with the horizontal and supported at both ends. Determine the internal...
To illustrate this, let's consider a beam OC of 5 kN, inclined at an angle of 53.13° with the horizontal and supported at both ends. Determine the internal...
1.3K
01:29Load along a Single Axis
298
In structural engineering, the analysis of beams subjected to varying loads is a critical aspect of understanding the behavior and performance of these structural elements. A common scenario involves a beam subjected to a combination of different load distributions.
Consider a beam of length L subjected to a varying load, which is a combination of parabolic and trapezoidal load distribution along the x-axis. In this case, it is essential to determine the resultant loads, their locations, and...
Consider a beam of length L subjected to a varying load, which is a combination of parabolic and trapezoidal load distribution along the x-axis. In this case, it is essential to determine the resultant loads, their locations, and...
298
01:19Impact Loading
196
Impact loading occurs when a moving object collides with a stationary structure, such as a rod with a uniform cross-sectional area fixed at one end. Under these conditions, the rod absorbs the kinetic energy from the striking object, leading to deformation and subsequent stress development. As the rod returns to its original position and reaches maximum stress, the absorbed energy, initially manifested as kinetic energy, transforms entirely into strain energy.
In cases of elastic deformation,...
In cases of elastic deformation,...
196
01:23Relation Between the Distributed Load and Shear
629
Understanding the relationship between the distributed load and shear force in structural analysis is crucial for analyzing beams subjected to various loading conditions. Consider the case of a beam experiencing a distributed load, two concentrated loads, and a couple moment.
629
01:23Stresses under Combined Loadings
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When analyzing a bent tube with a circular cross-section subjected to multiple forces, it is crucial to determine the stress distribution in order to maintain structural integrity under varied load conditions.
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
149