[抗生素在农业环境中的风险评估]
Zhen-Zhen Yang1, Hong-Na Li1, Na Li1
11. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue
|June 19, 2024
概括
农业中的抗生素残留物对生态和人类健康构成风险. 本次审查审查了风险评估方法,强调了广泛的环境影响,并提出了优先控制清单,以改善管理.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 抗生素在农业中被广泛使用,导致通过动物废物释放到环境中.
- 这种释放对生态系统和人类健康构成重大风险,需要进行严格的风险评估.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前用于评估农业抗生素对环境和健康的风险的方法.
- 识别现有方法的局限性,并提出改进建议.
主要方法:
- 对风险评估方法的审查,包括对生态风险的风险指数 (RQ) 和对健康风险的危险指数 (HQ).
- 影响预测无影响度 (PNEC) 的因素分析.
主要成果:
- 抗生素带来的生态风险在水和土壤环境中普遍存在.
- 现有的方法往往忽略了混合污染和抗生素代谢产物.
- 通过饮食摄入的人类健康风险很小,但在沿海地区显著;类具有高的双重风险.
结论:
- 目前的风险评估方法需要改进,以包括混合污染和代谢物.
- 建议为农业环境制定抗生素优先控制清单.
- 优化风险评估对于有效控制农业抗生素至关重要.
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