改善的弹性和蛋白质稳定性在老年时通过DAF-2降解介导长寿
Adrian Molière1, Ji Young Cecilia Park1, Anita Goyala1
1Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
GeroScience
|June 20, 2024
概括
即使在老年时,降低胰岛素/IGF-1信号传导 (IIS) 也可以通过恢复蛋白质稳定网络和恢复C. elegans的弹性来延长寿命.
科学领域:
- 衰老的研究研究.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的生物变化是很少理解的,特别是关于它们的可逆性.
- 在一生中减少胰岛素/IGF-1信号传递 (IIS) 会减缓物种的衰老.
- 线虫Caenorhabditis elegans是研究衰老和IIS的一个关键模型.
研究的目的:
- 调查逆转已确定的与年龄相关的生物变化的可能性.
- 描述降低老年IIS对寿命和细胞过程的影响.
- 为了确定衰老表型可以逆转的程度.
主要方法:
- 在老的C. elegans中降低IIS的效果的特征.
- 在特定组织 (神经元,肠道) 中利用auxin诱导的DAF-2降解.
- 评估寿命,蛋白质稳定网络功能和抗压能力.
主要成果:
- 在老的C. elegans中减少IIS,即使在特定的组织中,也显著增加了寿命.
- 从中年期开始的衰老病理并没有逆转,但蛋白质稳定被复原.
- 恢复了清除年龄积累的蛋白质聚合物的能力.
- 对各种压力因素的抵抗力也恢复了.
结论:
- 恢复能力的丧失不仅仅是由于早期的生活病理.
- IIS抑制恢复蛋白质静止和弹性,有助于延长寿命.
- 一些与年龄相关的从弹性转变为脆弱的转变在一定程度上是可逆的.
- IIS途径可能提供可逆的策略,以增强高级动物的弹性.
相关概念视频
02:15Replicative Cell Senescence
3.6K
Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
3.6K
01:37Mitochondria
12.1K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
12.1K
01:26Aging
41
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
41
02:23Abnormal Proliferation
4.5K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.5K
01:29Replication in Eukaryotes
13.7K
In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
13.7K