在动力两轮和三轮车中量化骑手姿势变化,以评估安全性
Linus Lundin1, Maria Oikonomou2, Athanasios Lioras3
1Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Traffic injury prevention
|June 20, 2024
概括
骑手的姿势显著影响动力两轮和三轮车 (PTW) 的安全. 个体姿势的变化,而不仅仅是车辆设计,对于开发有效的PTW安全系统至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
- 摩托车安全 摩托车安全
背景情况:
- 骑手的姿势是动力两轮和三轮车 (PTW) 受伤的关键因素.
- 详细的全身姿势数据对于分析PTW事故和设计安全系统至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为不同的PTW类型提供平均男性全身姿势,包括亚群变化.
- 为了使未来的研究对PTW骑手的姿势变化对安全的影响.
主要方法:
- 在20名男性志愿者身上对51个解剖学标志进行了3D光度测量,这些志愿者在三种PTW类型中选择骑行姿势.
- 主要组件分析 (PCA) 用于计算平均姿势并描述姿势变化.
- 动力链接表示用于可视化主要组件 (PC) 和连接角度.
主要成果:
- 前七个PC解释了每种PTW类型的80%的姿势变异.
- 在PTW类型中发现了平均姿势的明显差异 (10°±9°的关节角度变化).
- 在单个PTW类型内,关节角度的个体变化是PTW类型之间的变化 (26°±11°) 的两倍多.
结论:
- PTW骑手的姿势变化涉及同时调整多个身体部位.
- 个体的变化,而不仅仅是车辆的几何形状,大大影响骑手的姿势,必须在PTW安全开发中考虑.
相关概念视频
Three Force Member
A rigid body subjected to three forces acting at three points is known as a three-force member. These forces must have concurrent lines of action, except for parallel forces, where the lines of action are parallel.
For example, consider a dumpster connected to a pin support at point A and a pin attached to a hydraulic cylinder at point B.
For example, consider a dumpster connected to a pin support at point A and a pin attached to a hydraulic cylinder at point B.
Normal and Tangetial Components: Problem Solving
Consider a man with a mass of 70 kg seated in a chair connected to a pin support through a member BC. If the man maintains an upright position, the task is to determine the horizontal and vertical reactions of the chair on the man when the member makes a 45° angle with the horizontal. At this moment, the man has a speed of 5 m/s, increasing at a rate of 1 m/s².
Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration
A slider-crank mechanism converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider. The movement of the slider-crank is an example of general plane motion as the fluctuating angle between the crank and the connecting rod. Consider a segment AB where point A is at the end of the slider and point B is on the diametrically opposite end to point A, on a crack. The variance in...


