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可解释的文本表格模型用于预测伴侣动物的死亡风险.
James Burton1, Sean Farrell2, Peter-John Mäntylä Noble3
1Department of Computer Science, Durham University, Durham, UK. james.burton@durham.ac.uk.
Scientific reports
|June 20, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了一个多式联络掩盖框架,以解释使用兽医电子健康记录的机器学习模型. 该框架通过确定伴侣动物死亡率的关键风险因素来增强信任,PetBERT在自由文本数据上表现强.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 可解释性对于使用机器学习进行临床决策至关重要.
- 临床数据集通常是多模式的,包括文本和表格数据.
- 现有的框架很难在各种数据类型中提供全面的解释.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个多式联网掩盖框架,将SHapley添加式解释 (SHAP) 扩展到文本和表格数据.
- 在兽医电子健康记录 (EHR) 中识别伴侣动物死亡的风险因素.
- 在单模和多模环境中确保一致的特征处理.
主要方法:
- 为SHAP开发了一种多式联运掩盖框架.
- 将框架应用于英国的兽医电子健康记录.
- 评估了五种多模式方法,包括PetBERT和BERT-base.
- 分析的特征对于预测伴侣动物死亡率的重要性.
主要成果:
- 最有效的方法使用了PetBERT,这是一种对兽医数据进行预训练的语言模型.
- 与BERT数据库对表格数据的重视相比,PetBERT对自由文本叙述的参与度更大.
- 确定了特定的单词和短语,这些单词和短语显著影响了动物死亡率预测.
- 突出了PetBERT对兽医临床命名体系的熟练程度.
结论:
- 多模式掩盖框架有效地解释了机器学习模型在兽医中的各种数据模式.
- 对于死亡风险预测,PetBERT表现出卓越的性能,特别是在自由文本临床注释方面.
- 对特定领域的数据进行语言模型的增强预训练对临床应用有好处.
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