揭开COVID-19对儿童免疫的影响:来自加纳的证据
Kathrin Durizzo1, Koku Awoonor-Williams2, Kenneth Harttgen3
1ETH Zurich, Clausiusstrasse 37, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland.
BMC public health
|June 20, 2024
概括
加纳的儿童免疫接种在COVID-19封锁期间暂时下降了6%,但到2021年恢复. 对COVID-19的恐惧和推迟的疫苗接种活动影响了疫苗接种率,而不是社会距离.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,COVID-19疫情促使采取社会距离措施.
- 人们对包括儿童免疫接种在内的基本卫生服务可能受到干扰表示担忧.
- 相反,由于COVID-19病例的增加,未能实施这些措施可能会给医疗保健系统带来压倒性的风险.
研究的目的:
- 分析COVID-19社会距离法规对加纳儿童免疫率的影响.
- 为了区分公共封锁对疫苗接种服务的影响与大流行本身.
主要方法:
- 利用了加纳所有地区四年的 (2018-2021) 儿童免疫接种月度行政数据.
- 在各个地区的社交距离法规中采用不同的差异来隔离因果关系.
- 公共封锁和流行病对免疫接种的不同影响.
主要成果:
- 加纳的儿童免疫接种在2020年4月的公共封锁期间下降了6%.
- 到2021年,疫苗接种率恢复到大流行前的水平,小儿麻症等时间关键的疫苗不受影响.
- 封锁的地区经历了更大的破坏 (14%) 和更慢的恢复;然而,封锁前的下降 (5%) 表明恐惧和全球意识发挥了作用.
结论:
- 对儿童免疫接种的负面影响不那么严重,而且比最初预测的要短.
- 对COVID-19的恐惧和推迟的疫苗接种活动显著影响了免疫率.
- 增加的COVID-19病例和适度的社交距离法规对免疫服务的影响最小.
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