在细菌菌体中跳跃DNA聚合酶.
Natalya Yutin1, Igor Tolstoy1, Pascal Mutz1
1National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|June 21, 2024
概括
病毒DNA聚合酶 (DNAPs) 经常在不同的菌体家族之间交换,这表明适应以避免宿主防御或复制体不兼容. 这项研究确定了在尾巴菌体中多个DNAP基因交换的实例.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 双链DNA病毒 (Duplodnaviria) 呈现出多样化的DNA复制蛋白库.
- DNA聚合酶 (DNAPs) 对于DNA复制至关重要,并被分为四个家族 (A-D).
- 之前的工作确定了DNAP家族交换在Crassvirales顺序.
研究的目的:
- 研究DNA聚合酶 (DNAP) 基因交换在尾状菌体 (Caudoviricetes) 中的发生和模式.
- 探索病毒基因组内DNAP基因交换的进化影响.
主要方法:
- 尾状菌体基因组的比较基因组分析.
- 在病毒基因组中识别和分类DNA聚合酶家族.
- 遗传学分析来追踪DNAP基因的进化历史.
主要成果:
- 确定了四组新的尾巴菌体,这些菌体显示出DNAP基因交换的证据.
- 交换发生在DNAP家族A,B和C之间,以及家族A子家族内.
- DNAP基因交换发生在"现场",而不会改变周围基因的组织.
- 在一些菌体基因组中发现了两个新的,不同的家族A DNAPs组.
结论:
- DNAP交换是尾状菌体中一个反复发生的进化事件,由选择压力驱动.
- 潜在的驱动因素包括逃避宿主抗病毒机制和克服复制体不兼容性.
- 发现的新型DNAPs可能在病毒复制或适应中发挥作用.
相关概念视频
Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages
70.6K
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
70.6K
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages
62.1K
In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
62.1K
Translesion DNA Polymerases
9.9K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
9.9K
Proofreading
6.2K
Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore, it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase...
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase...
6.2K
Replication in Prokaryotes
24.8K
DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...
24.8K
Replication in Eukaryotes
170.6K
Overview
170.6K


