儿童分配行为的因素:同行关系和资源量作为主要决定因素
1School of Education Science, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China.
Frontiers in psychology
|June 21, 2024
概括
资源的可用性会影响孩子们的分享. 更多的资源导致六年级学生变得更自私,但他们仍然优先考虑朋友而不是不喜欢的同龄人. 不平等的厌恶影响了公平的分配.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 了解儿童的资源分配对于发展和社会心理学至关重要.
- 同龄人关系显著影响年轻人的决策过程.
- 关于资源量如何影响儿童对不同同龄人群的分配行为存在有限的研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查资源量如何影响中国六年级学生的资源分配.
- 检查同行关系 (朋友,不喜欢的人,陌生人) 在不同资源条件下的资源分配中的作用.
- 探索资源可用性和儿童分配策略 (自私,平等,利他主义) 之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 一个小组间的实验设计,132名六年级学生 (平均年龄=11.35岁).
- 操纵资源数量 (有限与丰富) 来观察分配行为.
- 多变量无序回归分析,分析对不同类型的同行分配模式.
主要成果:
- 增加资源的可用性显著促进了儿童的自私分配行为.
- 更多的资源丰富导致选择平等分配的儿童比例下降.
- 尽管有资源效应,但儿童始终将更多的资源分配给朋友,而不是不喜欢的同龄人,显示了一般化的同龄人偏好.
结论:
- 资源量在儿童的资源分配中起着重要的调节作用,可能会增加自我利益.
- 孩子们根据同龄人之间的关系表现出不同的偏好,即使资源丰富,他们也喜欢朋友.
- 不平等厌恶和思维理论等因素可能导致在六年级学生中观察到的公平分配模式.
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