在成年期的视觉搜索过程中,潜在的本地和全球处理的神经相关性
Gaelle Doucet1,2, Jordanna A Kruse1, Noah Hamlin1
1Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America.
PloS one
|June 21, 2024
概括
老龄化影响视觉处理,老年人对局部细节的反应较慢,特别是与分散注意力的东西. 大脑成像显示老年人视觉和突出网络的神经活动发生变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 视觉处理涉及整合本地和全球特征.
- 视觉处理的神经机制,特别是在衰老中,需要进一步研究.
- 突出网络在注意力和认知控制中发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用fMRI在年轻和老年人中研究局部和全球视觉处理的神经相关物.
- 检查老化如何影响复杂的视觉搜索任务中的大脑活动.
- 探索突出网络在视觉处理中与年龄相关的变化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于研究77名健康成年人 (19-77岁).
- 参与者执行了一项视觉搜索任务,涉及到地方和全球层面的等级刺激.
- 分析了行为数据 (准确度,反应时间) 和大脑激活模式.
主要成果:
- 年长的成年人在检测当地的目标方面要慢一些,特别是有分散注意力的目标.
- 当地和全球处理都涉及头区域;本地处理还额外激活了突出网络 (前部岛屿,背部ACC).
- 老年人表现出尾部活化减少,特别是在复杂的条件下,并在分散注意力的存在下减少突出网络调制.
结论:
- 当地和全球视觉处理的神经机制在年轻人和老年人之间有所不同.
- 衰老改变了突出网络和视觉处理区域之间的相互作用.
- 从突出网络降低了自上而下的控制,这可能导致老年人处理局部视觉细节的困难.
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