在癌症中饮食和肠道微生物群之间的相互作用
Geicho Nakatsu1,2, Natalia Andreeva1,2, Meghan H MacDonald1,2
1Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature microbiology
|June 21, 2024
概括
饮食和肠道微生物影响癌症的发展和治疗. 了解这些相互作用有助于确定通过调节肠道微生物群来预防或治疗癌症的饮食策略.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 饮食和肠道微生物群在癌症易感性,耐药性和治疗反应方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 研究饮食与微生物相互作用对于了解致癌症和开发有效的癌症疗法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 解释有关饮食与微生物相互作用及其在癌症中的作用的现有研究.
- 评估饮食模式如何影响肠道微生物组合及其对癌症发展的影响.
- 探索饮食诱导的微生物变化影响瘤发生和瘤微环境的机制.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和对以饮食,肠道微生物群和癌症为重点的研究的解释.
- 对肠道中细菌殖民的饮食决定因素的分析.
- 检查特定细菌如何受到饮食的影响,有助于结肠上皮细胞瘤发生.
- 对用于研究这些相互作用的临床前模型的审查.
- 强调有关饮食干预和癌症结果的相关临床试验.
主要成果:
- 饮食成分显著影响肠道微生物群,影响机会性和瘤性细菌的殖民.
- 饮食诱导的某些肠道细菌的扩张可以促进结肠上皮质瘤发生,并创造一个免疫抑制的瘤微环境.
- 临床前模型为饮食-微生物组-癌症相互作用提供了宝贵的见解.
- 新兴的临床试验显示,饮食改变对微生物组和癌症的结果有前景.
结论:
- 饮食和肠道微生物群是癌症发展和治疗反应的关键因素.
- 了解饮食与微生物相互作用对于开发癌症预防和治疗的新策略至关重要.
- 针对肠道微生物群的饮食干预措施有望改善癌症的结果.
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