蛋白质转型:专注于可持续替代来源中的蛋白质质量
Rezvan Azizi1, Anna Baggio2, Edoardo Capuano3
1Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition
|June 22, 2024
概括
由于消费趋势和人口增长,需要进行蛋白质过渡. 像豆类,昆虫和微生物这样的替代蛋白质提供了可持续的选择,其中一些显示出良好的营养质量,尽管动物蛋白质仍然得分更高.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 可持续农业 可持续农业
背景情况:
- 全球人口增长和消费模式的变化需要向可持续的蛋白质来源转变.
- 传统的动物蛋白质生产面临着环境和资源挑战.
- 识别和评估替代蛋白质来源对于未来的粮食安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 与动物蛋白质相比,评估替代蛋白质来源 (豆类,昆虫,微生物) 的营养质量.
- 审查这些替代蛋白质的生态影响和潜在应用.
- 识别当前营养数据中的差距,特别是可消化必需氨基酸评分 (DIAAS) 值.
主要方法:
- 对可消化必需氨基酸评分 (DIAAS) 和蛋白质消化性修正氨基酸评分 (PDCAAS) 值的系统文献综述.
- 收集和比较豆类,昆虫,微藻,真菌和动物蛋白质的营养数据.
- 分析生态影响和潜在的食品应用,包括新的食品概念,如肉类类似物.
主要成果:
- 动物蛋白质通常表现出比替代来源更高的DIAAS值.
- 大豆蛋白,菌蛋白和某些昆虫蛋白具有良好的营养质量,DIAAS/PDCAAS相对较高.
- 许多有前途的替代蛋白质的DIAAS值存在显著的数据缺口;加工方法影响蛋白质质量.
结论:
- 替代蛋白质来源,如豆类,昆虫和微生物是蛋白质过渡的可行组成部分,提供可持续的选择.
- 虽然动物蛋白质目前在DIAAS中占据领先地位,但特定的植物和真菌蛋白质显示出相似的质量.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以确定更广泛的替代蛋白质的DIAAS值,并了解加工影响.
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