当规则被推翻时:虚拟讨价还价作为道德判断的合同主义方法
Sydney Levine1, Max Kleiman-Weiner2, Nick Chater3
1Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence, United States of America; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States of America; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States of America.
Cognition
|June 22, 2024
概括
我们探索人们在什么时候违反规则,发现"虚拟讨价还价" (基于协议的谈判) 影响决策. 这种社会行为挑战了传统的基于规则和基于结果的解释.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 决策科学 决策科学 决策科学
背景情况:
- 规则对于社会行为至关重要,但可以产生不理想的结果.
- 确定什么时候打破规则是一个复杂的社会决定.
- 现有的模型往往侧重于规则遵守或结果优化.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会背景下违规决策背后的机制.
- 提出和测试一个合同框架,以了解违规行为.
- 引入"虚拟谈判"的概念,作为社会决策的驱动力.
主要方法:
- 基于社会互动中的"虚拟讨价还价"的理论模型的开发.
- 实验设计,以引起违规决策.
- 对行为数据的分析,将虚拟讨价还价与传统方法进行比较.
主要成果:
- 实验数据表明,虚拟讨价还价显著影响违规行为.
- 违反规则的决定不仅仅是基于规则或基于结果的模型来解释的.
- 这些发现支持了基于协议的机制在社会导航中的作用.
结论:
- 虚拟讨价还价为违规行为提供了一个新的解释.
- 合同机制是理解社会规则灵活性不可或缺的组成部分.
- 这项研究推动了我们对社会决策的理解,超越了简单的规则遵守或后果分析.
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