由代模板开关形成的反向三倍化会在基因组疾病位置产生结构变异多样性
Christopher M Grochowski1, Jesse D Bengtsson2, Haowei Du1
1Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Cell genomics
|June 22, 2024
概括
复杂的基因组重组,如重复-三倍化/反向重复 (DUP-TRP/INV-DUP),是疾病的关键. 这项研究解决了它们的结构,显示反向重复驱动这些致病性DNA突变.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 人类遗传学 人类遗传学
背景情况:
- 复杂的基因组重组 (CGR),包括重复-三倍化/反转-重复 (DUP-TRP/INV-DUP) 结构,是基因组疾病和癌症中显著的致病性DNA突变标志.
- DUP-TRP/INV-DUP的精确基因组架构和形成机制在很大程度上仍未得到解决,这阻碍了对它们在疾病中的作用的充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明DUP-TRP/INV-DUP结构的基因组架构.
- 为了确定参与形成这些复杂重组的特定DNA序列和机制.
主要方法:
- 利用阵列比较基因组杂交 (aCGH) 来识别具有潜在DUP-TRP/INV-DUP结构的患者.
- 采用了多平台方法,包括短读和长读基因组测序 (GS),光学基因组映射和单细胞DNA模板链测序 (链-seq) 以获得详细的结构变异 (SV) 单型分辨率.
- 在模板切换点分析了DNA序列.
主要成果:
- 在24个患者样本中的18个中成功解决了DUP-TRP/INV-DUP的哈普洛型结构.
- 识别了模板切换点作为在反转重复对中的高核酸相似度 (∼2.2-5.5 kb) 的段落.
- 提供了实验证据,证明反转的低复制重复作为基质用于这些CGRs形成的重组.
结论:
- 反向低复制重复被证实是推动DUP-TRP/INV-DUP结构形成的关键基质.
- 这种类型的CGR可以产生多样化的结构变异类型和多个符合性,特别是在剂量敏感的基因组位点.
- 了解这种结构对于诊断和潜在治疗与这些突变相关的基因组疾病和癌症至关重要.
相关概念视频
Gene Conversion
9.7K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
9.7K
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs
17.7K
Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
17.7K
Overview of Transposition and Recombination
15.4K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
15.4K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation
6.0K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.0K
Genome Copying Errors
4.2K
DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.
4.2K
Gene Duplication and Divergence
6.1K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.1K


