时间序列分析:费城,宾夕法尼亚州温度和初级保健利用之间的关联
Janet H Fitzpatrick1, Adrienne Willard1, Janelle R Edwards2
1Drexel University College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
American journal of preventive medicine
|June 22, 2024
概括
极端的温度,无论是热的还是冷的,都会增加错过的初级保健预约,特别是对于老年人和患有慢性疾病的人来说. 这凸显了需要灵活的护理选择的需要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健管理的管理
背景情况:
- 全球变暖正在增加地球的平均温度,导致极端天气事件.
- 暴露于极端温度与负面的健康结果有关.
- 错过的初级保健访问可能会导致健康管理不良和延迟查.
研究的目的:
- 调查费城极端温度条件与初级保健利用率之间的关联.
- 分析温度极端如何影响成年患者错过预约.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自费城13所大学诊所的91580名成年患者 (≥18岁) 的1,048,575次预约数据 (2009-2019).
- 连接预约数据 (出席/错过) 与每日最高气温和降水,按季节分层.
- 探索了与社会人口统计学变量和慢性疾病状况的关联.
主要成果:
- 错过预约率每下降1°F至39°F以下增加0.72%,每上升1°F至89°F以上增加0.64%.
- 老年人 (≥65岁) 和患有慢性疾病的个人在极端温度期间更强烈地与错过预约有关.
结论:
- 极端温度与更高的错过初级保健预约率显著相关.
- 弱势群体,包括患有慢性疾病的人群,受影响不成比例.
- 初级保健医生应该考虑替代性护理模式,如远程医疗,以支持患者在极端天气事件期间.
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