公共对医疗保健中人工智能的看法:以患者为中心的护理的伦理问题和机会
Kaila Witkowski1, Ratna Okhai2, Stephen R Neely2
1Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA. kwitkowski@fau.edu.
BMC medical ethics
|June 22, 2024
概括
患者在医疗保健中更喜欢使用人工智能 (AI) 进行行政任务,而不是直接患者与医生的互动. 对人工智能可能减少护理中的人类因素的担忧仍然存在,这凸显了对整合人工智能的指导的需要,同时保持以患者为中心的护理原则.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 以患者为中心的护理
背景情况:
- 以患者为中心的护理是现代医学的基石.
- 人工智能 (AI) 的进步引发了人们对其对患者与提供者关系和患者自主权的影响的担忧.
- 这项研究调查了患者在医疗保健中使用AI的舒适性和信心.
研究的目的:
- 探索患者在个人医疗保健中使用人工智能的舒适性和信心.
- 确定人工智能使用如何与以患者为中心的护理原则保持一致或威胁.
- 了解患者对人工智能在医疗决策和护理提供中的作用的看法.
主要方法:
- 探索性,混合方法的方法.
- 调查数据分析了佛罗里达州600名美国成年人的调查数据.
- 答案代表佛罗里达州的人口人口统计.
主要成果:
- 患者对人工智能对非临床任务,如预约安排 (84.2%) 的使用感觉更舒服.
- 一个重要的主题是担心医生与患者互动中失去'人性接触'.
- 决策自我效能与人工智能舒适度相关,但注意到对控制,劳动力变化和成本的担忧.
结论:
- 医疗保健中的人工智能在没有充分监督以患者为中心的护理方面取得进展.
- 虽然人工智能目前可能不会破坏患者与医生的关系,但患者存在担忧.
- 需要指导才能有效地整合人工智能,确保它在不损害以患者为中心的原则的情况下增强医疗保健.
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