影响墨西哥生育年龄妇女贫血的因素:一种混合方法的国家病例研究
Selene Pacheco Miranda1, Aatekah Owais2, Monica Venosa Lopez1
1Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
|June 24, 2024
概括
墨西哥生育年龄妇女的贫血发生波动,到2016年显著增加. 解决贫困问题,确保营养计划资金,促进计划生育对于预防至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 卫生政策分析 卫生政策分析
背景情况:
- 在墨西哥的生育年龄妇女 (WRA) 中,贫血患病率在之前下降后,从2016年的18.3%上升到令人担忧的水平.
- 导致墨西哥WRA贫血率出现这种波动的因素尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 从2006年到2018年,对影响墨西哥WRA贫血的定量和定性因素进行系统,深入的评估.
- 确定贫血的关键决定因素,并评估相关健康和营养计划的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析墨西哥国家健康和营养调查 (2006,2012,2018) 使用多变量渐进线性回归.
- 审查与贫血有关的政策和融资,并补充从利益相关者采访和重点小组的定性数据.
主要成果:
- 非孕妇 (NPW) 的平均血红蛋白 (Hb) 从2012年到2018年下降 (14.0到13.2g/dL).
- 根据地理区域和家庭财富,观察到Hb水平的持续不平等,财富,城市居住和怀孕是重要的预测因素.
- 定性发现支持了定量结果,突出了对Progresa-Oportunidades-Prospera计划取消和营养计划资金减少 (2014-2018) 的担忧.
- 文化规范和青少年怀孕率的增加也被认为是导致因素.
结论:
- 贫血预防战略必须优先考虑减轻贫困,并确保营养计划的持续资金和覆盖,特别是与社会安全网相关的营养计划.
- 增加计划生育服务的使用率,特别是青少年女孩的使用率,对于降低贫血患病率至关重要.
- 政策连续性和针对社会经济和文化决定因素的有针对性的干预措施对于改善墨西哥WRA健康结果至关重要.
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