热浪如何影响由于细菌性食物传播疾病而导致的短期紧急住院
M S Ascaso1, J Díaz2, J A López-Bueno2
1Climate Change, Health and Urban Environment Reference Unit, Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
The Science of the total environment
|June 24, 2024
概括
极端天气,特别是热浪,显著增加了因细菌性食物传播疾病 (BFD) 住院的病例. 气温上升增加了BFD风险,特别是在热浪期间,需要有针对性的公共卫生干预措施.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 极端天气事件的频率和强度正在增加.
- 微生物的繁殖率,包括食源性病原体,受到环境因素的影响.
- 了解天气和细菌性食物传播疾病 (BFD) 之间的联系对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定因BFD和气象变量而入院的紧急病例之间的统计关系.
- 调查热浪对BFD住院病人的影响.
- 量化与温度上升相关的风险对BFD发生率.
主要方法:
- 时间序列研究分析了马德里地区2013-2018年每日数据.
- 利用了通用线性模型与波桑回归.
- 包括气象变量,空气污染和控制/滞后变量.
主要成果:
- 随着每日最高气温的上升,BFD住院患者的统计显著增加.
- 可归因风险为每年12°C以上的摄氏度增加3.6%.
- 在夏季热浪 (34°C以上) 期间,每摄氏度可归因风险增加到12.21%.
结论:
- 高环境温度是BFD住院的重要风险因素.
- 热浪期间加剧了温度对BFD发病率的影响.
- 这些发现支持开发BFD预防策略,特别是在热浪期间.
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