大多数人体特异性蛋白质是由长非编码RNA编码的吗?
1US2B, UMR 6286 of CNRS, Nantes University, 2 rue de la Houssinière, Nantes, 44322, Pays de la Loire, France. yves-henri.sanejouand@univ-nantes.fr.
Journal of molecular evolution
|June 25, 2024
概括
研究人员确定了170种人类特异性蛋白质,其中25种具有转录或蛋白质水平的证据. 许多是球状的,结构上没有特征,突出了这些新型蛋白质的功能知识上的差距.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 蛋白质组学是指蛋白质组学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 人类特异性蛋白质代表了新的进化适应.
- 识别和描述这些蛋白质对于理解人类的独特性至关重要.
- 之前的研究已经确定了具有有限功能数据的候选人类特异性蛋白质.
研究的目的:
- 通过比较基因组学来识别潜在的人类特异性蛋白质.
- 描述这些已识别的蛋白质预测的结构和功能性质.
- 突出目前关于它们的结构和功能的知识差距.
主要方法:
- 与灵长类动物和其他哺乳动物数据库进行蛋白质组比较分析.
- 使用UniProt进行蛋白质和转录水平验证.
- 使用IUPred和flDPnn来预测蛋白质球状和有序残留物含量.
- 在蛋白质数据库和AlphaFold蛋白质结构数据库中评估结构信息的可用性.
主要成果:
- 确定了170种人类特异性蛋白质.
- 25种蛋白质在转录或蛋白质水平 (UniProt) 上显示了证据.
- 预计这些蛋白质的很大一部分是球状的,有序的残留物.
- 在公共数据库中显著缺乏可用的三级结构数据.
- 这些蛋白质的功能信息在很大程度上很少.
结论:
- 该研究确定了一组具有潜在结构特征的新型人类特异性蛋白质.
- 关于这些蛋白质的结构和功能,存在重大知识差距.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明这些蛋白质在人类生物学中的作用.
相关概念视频
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.6K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.6K
Types of RNA
5.7K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.7K
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
13.2K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
13.2K
Ribosome Profiling
3.5K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.5K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
889
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
889
Alternative RNA Splicing
21.1K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
21.1K


