空气污染物对与热量相关的死亡风险的影响修改在中国山东的空气污染物
Zhonghui Zhao1,2,3, Jie Chu4,5, Jie Ren4,5
1Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
|June 25, 2024
概括
极端高温会增加死亡风险,特别是与空气污染相结合时. 较小的颗粒物 (PM1,PM2.5) 和二氧化显著加剧了与热有关的死亡,特别是在妇女和老年人中.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 与热量相关的疾病和死亡率是严重的公共卫生问题.
- 众所周知,空气污染会加剧与热量相关的健康风险,但不同颗粒物大小的具体影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查各种空气污染物,包括不同大小的颗粒物对高温和每日死亡率之间的关联的影响.
- 确定易受伤害的人群和加剧与热有关的死亡风险的特定污染物.
主要方法:
- 利用一个时间分层的案例交叉模型,分析来自中国山东省1822个分区的每日数据 (2013-2018).
- 在炎热的季节,研究了环境温度与≤1μm (PM1),PM2.5,二氧化 (NO2) 和臭氧颗粒物水平之间的相互作用.
- 对不同人口子组和特定污染物进行了分层分析.
主要成果:
- 极端高温 (0-10天) 的累积几率比率为3.66的死亡率.
- 在高空气污染水平下,热死亡率的关联显著更强.
- 颗粒物对与热有关的死亡率的影响随着颗粒物大小的增加而减少 (PM1>PM2.5).
- 女性和75岁以上的人更容易受到伤害.
- 高二氧化水平与与热相关的死亡率增加有关,特别是对于心脏呼吸系统疾病.
结论:
- 对热量,细颗粒物 (PM1,PM2.5) 和NO2的联合暴露带来了相当大的死亡风险.
- 医疗保健战略应优先考虑这些污染物和热量的联合影响.
- 女性和老年人需要在高空气污染的炎热时期进行有针对性的干预和保护.
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