鱼 (蛋) 出水:特立尼达基利鱼在陆地胚胎可塑性的进化差异
Matthew R Walsh1, Christopher Roden1
1Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|June 25, 2024
概括
捕食者的存在推动了基利鱼蛋化过程中的进化变化. 从捕食者地点的蛋在暴露在空气中时更早化,显示了适应短暂息地的情况.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
背景情况:
- 外部产卵表现出环境可塑性,但其进化基础尚未完全理解.
- 特立尼达的鱼 (Anablepsoides hartii) 提供了一个模型系统,其种群存在于捕食者存在和捕食者缺席的社区中.
- 捕食者的存在影响了鱼的息地选择,导致较浅,短暂的环境增加了蛋暴露在空气和干燥风险.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Anablepsoides hartii的蛋化可塑性的进化基础.
- 为了比较从捕食者存在和捕食者缺席的地点的基利鱼种群之间的陆地化对化反应.
- 为了确定捕食者驱动的息地转移是否导致胚胎发育中的本地适应.
主要方法:
- 来自不同鱼种群的蛋经历了两种化条件:陆地 (在泥炭上) 和水生 (在水中).
- 记录了化时间,并比较了种群内的和种群之间的化条件.
- 针对陆地化,化时间的可塑性被量化为每个群体.
主要成果:
- 当卵在水中化时,在捕食者存在和捕食者缺席的种群之间没有观察到化时间的显著差异.
- 来自掠食者存在的地点的蛋在陆地化时,与水生化相比,化时间显著提前.
- 这种适应性化可塑性在对陆地化反应时,在没有捕食者的地点的蛋中表现不那么明显.
结论:
- 捕食者的存在是与Anablepsoides hartii胚胎化可塑性的进化转变相关的重要因素.
- 鱼种群在它们对环境线索的胚胎反应中显示出局部适应的证据,特别是与干旱风险相关.
- 这项研究提供了人口规模的证据,证明了由生态压力驱动的胚胎可塑性的适应性进化.
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