在小脑和基底中进行时间信息处理
Masaki Tanaka1, Masashi Kameda2, Ken-Ichi Okada2
1Department of Physiology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. masaki@med.hokudai.ac.jp.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
|June 25, 2024
概括
小脑调节自我定时的变化,而基底质则测量从毫秒到秒的持续时间. 这两个大脑区域对于处理周期性时间和节奏感知至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
背景情况:
- 时间信息处理对于各种认知功能至关重要,涉及到复杂的神经电路.
- 小脑和基底腺是关键结构,涉及到不同尺度的计时,从次秒间隔到更长的持续时间.
- 了解这些结构在时间处理中的不同作用对于破译时间感知神经机制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究非人类灵长类动物中时间信息处理背后的神经机制.
- 区分小脑和基底腺节在时间生产和周期性时间表中的作用.
- 探索自我定时变化和节奏感知的神经基础.
主要方法:
- 非人类灵长类动物模型接受时间生产任务 (眼动) 和周期定时任务 (同步眼动,缺少奇怪范式) 的训练.
- 电生理学记录在深层小脑核,条纹体和运动体中.
- 脑小区和胸膜区域的非激活研究,以评估它们在时间处理中的作用.
主要成果:
- 小脑调节自我调节的变化,准备活动在运动之前约500毫秒,无论间隔的长度如何.
- 基底 (条形体) 参与测量持续时间 (从几百毫秒到几秒),根据预期的时间表显示改变的准备活动和网络状态.
- 小脑和基底都表现出与周期时间相关的周期性活动,具有不同的时间过程,表明它们参与了节奏感知和预测.
结论:
- 小脑对于调节次秒自定时变性至关重要.
- 基底腺是测量时间间隔在数百毫秒到秒的范围内至关重要的.
- 皮层-大脑和皮层-基底腺通道都对周期性时间处理和节奏感知有所贡献.
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